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November 3rd, 2006

format that turns many characters into a hexadecimal

format that turns many characters into a hexadecimal representation), and what the program has to send in addition to the browser-visible content of its output (HTTP headers specifying the type of that content). Nothing in the CGI specification specifies a particular language for CGI programs. This is why people who ask questions about CGI get attacked for asking them in a Perl newsgroup. The answer would be the same no matter what language the program was written in, and it wouldn’t have anything to do with Perl. The newsgroup the attackers want those questions taken to is comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi. So how can you tell whether your question or problem is Perl related or CGI related? If your program produces apparently correct output when run from the command line, but the Web browser displays a 500 - Server Errormessage, it’s a CGI problem. If you can’t run the program from the command line on the Web server, see our tips that follow. If your program is not picking up form inputs and you’re using CGI.pm, the Web server has a problem. Test it with our cgi-testprogram that follows. If you’re not using CGI.pm, few people are likely to assist you because you’re making the task unnecessarily difficult. If your program takes too long to produce any output, the browser will give up and display a “Document contained no data” message. You may need to use a nonparsed header (nph) script if your Web server otherwise buffers your output, or else figure out how to produce output before the browser times out. See http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/interface.html for reference information on CGI. 13.2 Web Servers There are many combinations of types and versions of Web servers, platforms and operating systems on the World Wide Web. Their differences in behavior are outside the scope of this book. We aim to make our advice applicable to the widest range of such combinations, but when we fail, unless otherwise noted, what we say has been tested against a recent version of Apache on Linux. References on Apache: Apache: The Definitive Guide, 2nd edition, by Ben & Peter Laurie (O’Reilly, 1999) http://www.apache.org/ 13.3 500 Server Error The primal ededitor for Unix has one and only one response to any kind of error condition: it prints ‘?’.[1] Although user interface design has generally matured from this minimalist approach since then, it took a giant leap backwards with the introduction of Web servers whose only response to virtually any error is something close to
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